and Metarhizium majus Johnst., Bisch., Rehner and Humber) will be of great significance looking upon advantages of adoption, availability, proven virulence and environment friendliness.
Management of rhinoceros beetle by entomopathogenic bacteria ( Bacillus thuringiensis) ( Bt) and entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) ( Metarhizium robertsii (Metchnikoff) Sorokin. Biocontrol agents are found to have significant role in IPM in the era of organic agriculture. Integrated pest management (IPM) is considered to be best management practice to manage rhinoceros beetle. They are endemic in coconut-growing regions of South and South East Asia (Bedford 1980) and it has also been reported in Guan and Saipan (Moore 2007). Rhinoceros beetle causes economic loss of 299.3 million USD in coconut plantation, (Abidin et al. Rhinoceros beetle is a serious pest in coconut causing severe economic losses (Chandran et al. Biotic stresses are the major constraints in coconut cultivation. The productivity of coconut in these four states vary between 5193 (Karnataka) to 13,771 nuts/ha (Tamil Nadu). In India, coconut is grown in an area of 1.89 million hectares covering 18 states/union territories the southern states including Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh account for 89.7% of total area. Coconut oil also helps in the absorption of vitamins, minerals and amino acids. The saturated fats in coconut oil have antimicrobial properties. Coconut oil finds extensive use in food and industrial sectors because of its unique characteristics. majus are compatible and they seemed to have a synergistic effect in controlling the pest in coconut orchard.Ĭoconut is commonly known as “Kalpavruksha” in Sanskrit language, and to describe its importance, almost all the parts of the palm are economically important. Study also indicated that soil drench method is more promising strategy than topical spray method in managing larval population of the beetles and also confirmed that B. majus is effective in management rhinoceros beetle in coconut orchard. majus showed 52.8 and 57.6% mortality at 5th week in soil drench and topical spray method, respectively. majus showed 44.8 and 40.8% in soil drench and topical spray method at 5th week, respectively. robertsii showed 40.8 and 44% in soil drench and topical spray method at 5th week, respectively. majus showed 24% mortality in soil drench method and 23.2% in topical spray method at 5th week. robertsii showed 24% mortality at 5th week in soil drench method as well as topical spray method. thuringiensis strain NBAIR-BTAN4 showed 24.8% mortality at 5th week in soil drench method and 24% mortality in topical spray method. majus) against Oryctes rhinoceros in the field, individually as well as in combination, by soil drench as well as by topical spray method. Studies were carried out to decipher the biocontrol potential of indigenous entomopathogenic bacterium ( Bacillus thuringiensis) and entomopathogenic fungi ( Metarhizium robertsii and M. Management of rhinoceros beetle using entomopathogens will be of great importance as it is economical and ecofriendly. Management of this pest is very difficult due to its nocturnal activity, and also, it damages the emerging leaf inside the bud. Among all the coconut pests, rhinoceros beetle causes acute and serious damage to coconut palm.
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